Microservices are an architectural approach or style that is used to build applications. The microservice architecture provides a rapid, frequent and reliable delivery of large and complex applications. It is distributed and loosely coupled, so it won't break the entire app if you make changes in one team. Microservices are also known as the microservice architecture, a variant of the service-oriented architecture (SOA) structural style and used to structure an application as a collection of services that have the following features: Distributed and loosely coupled Highly maintainable and testable Independently deployable Organized around business capabilities Owned by a small team
The most significant benefit of using microservices is that it builds an application to collect small autonomous services developed for a business domain. So, if the business needs to change constantly, the development teams can rapidly build new apps components to meet the requirement. Each microservice runs a unique process and communicates through a well-defined, lightweight mechanism, such as a container, to serve a business goal. It also makes an organization capable of evolving its technology stack.
Microservices, also known as the microservices architecture, is an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services. These services are fine-grained and the protocols are lightweight.
The main benefits of microservices include improved modularity, scalability, and fault isolation. Each service can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently, leading to faster development cycles and more resilient applications.
Microservices typically communicate with each other using lightweight protocols such as HTTP/HTTPS, REST, or messaging queues (e.g., RabbitMQ, Apache Kafka). They can also use synchronous and asynchronous communication methods.
Service discovery is the process by which a microservice finds the network location of another service to communicate with. Service discovery tools and frameworks (e.g., Netflix Eureka, Consul) help manage and automate this process.
A Service Registry is a database of available service instances in a microservices architecture. It acts as a central repository where services can register themselves and discover other services.
Common challenges include managing data consistency, handling inter-service communication, monitoring and logging across services, dealing with distributed transactions, and ensuring security.
Data consistency can be handled using patterns such as Event Sourcing, CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation), and Sagas. These patterns help manage data across distributed services while maintaining consistency.
An API Gateway acts as a single entry point for client requests in a microservices architecture. It handles request routing, composition, and protocol translation. It can also provide additional features like authentication, rate limiting, and logging.
Monitoring microservices involves tracking metrics, logs, and traces across services. Tools like Prometheus, Grafana, ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana), and Jaeger can be used to collect and visualize monitoring data.
The Circuit Breaker Pattern is a design pattern used to handle failures in a microservices architecture. It prevents cascading failures by detecting and isolating failing services. When a service fails, the circuit breaker "opens" and redirects requests to a fallback or error handler.