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Basic if Statement
The if statement executes a block of code only if the condition is True.
age = 18
if age >= 18:
print("You are eligible to vote.")
Output:
You are eligible to vote.
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if-else Statement
If the condition is False, the else block executes.
age = 16
if age >= 18:
print("You can vote.")
else:
print("You are too young to vote.")
Output:
You are too young to vote.
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if-elif-else (Multiple Conditions)
Use elif (short for "else if") to check multiple conditions.
marks = 75
if marks >= 90:
print("Grade: A")
elif marks >= 75:
print("Grade: B")
elif marks >= 50:
print("Grade: C")
else:
print("Grade: F")
Output:
Grade: B
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Using Logical Operators in Conditions
You can combine multiple conditions using and, or, and not.
age = 20
has_id = True
if age >= 18 and has_id:
print("You can enter.")
else:
print("Access denied.")
Output:
You can enter.
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Nested if Statements
An if statement inside another if.
age = 20
is_student = True
if age >= 18:
if is_student:
print("You get a student discount.")
else:
print("No student discount available.")
Output:
You get a student discount.
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The Ternary Operator (if-else in One Line)
You can write an if-else statement in a single line using a ternary operator.
age = 18
status = "Adult" if age >= 18 else "Minor"
print(status)
Output:
Adult
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Using in with if (Checking Membership)
You can check if a value exists in a sequence like a list, tuple, or string.
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
if "banana" in fruits:
print("Banana is available.")
Output:
Banana is available.
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The pass Statement (Placeholder)
If an if block has no code yet, use pass to avoid errors.
x = 10
if x > 5:
pass # Placeholder for future code
