📊 Mathematics Tutorial: Statistics
1. What is Statistics?
Statistics is a branch of mathematics that deals with collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data.
Data can be numbers such as marks, heights, weights, or temperatures.
2. Types of Data
- Ungrouped Data: Data given as individual values.
- Grouped Data: Data arranged in classes or intervals.
3. Mean (Average)
The mean is the average value of a set of data.
Formula:
Mean = (Sum of all observations) ÷ (Number of observations)
Example:
Data: 2, 4, 6, 8
Mean = (2 + 4 + 6 + 8) ÷ 4 = 20 ÷ 4 = 5
4. Median
The median is the middle value when data is arranged in ascending or descending order.
Example:
Data: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
Median = 7
5. Mode
The mode is the value that occurs most frequently.
Example:
Data: 2, 4, 4, 6, 8
Mode = 4
6. Frequency Table
| Value | Frequency |
|---|---|
| 2 | 1 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 6 | 1 |
7. Applications of Statistics
- School exam results
- Sports performance analysis
- Weather reports
- Business and economics